From the column
Register
8 product groups, the full range with specifications, packaging and origin.
Specification register with all values in one table.
Based in Erbil, Kurdistan Region · supplying worldwide
Lubricants, base oils, additive packages, urea, petrochemicals and industrial chemicals. Each item is listed with specification, packaging and origin, so you have the facts before the first phone call.
Not from the column
These products come from synthesis and blending.
8
Product groups
70
Items in the register
7
Trading units
7
Incoterms 2020
Crude oil is a mixture. Only the refinery separates it into products that can be traded, loaded and processed. Three pictures show what happens in the process.
A barrel of crude oil holds 159 litres. Unprocessed it is good for hardly anything. The refinery splits it into these shares:
The figures show a typical refinery and are not a fixed yield. In practice the volume of products is slightly above the volume of crude, because the refined products have a lower density (volume gain).
Two simple questions tell you what kind of crude oil it is.
Question 1
Light oil gives a lot of petrol and diesel. Heavy oil gives more of the thick black material that roads are built with.
Question 2
Sulphur is a yellow substance that smells like rotten eggs. Before the oil becomes fuel, the refinery has to take the sulphur out.
Light and sweet oil is the easiest to work with. That is why it usually sells for the highest price.
| Grade | Degrees API | Sulphur in % | Classification |
|---|---|---|---|
| BrentNorth Sea | approx. 38 | approx. 0.4 | light, sweet |
| WTIUSA | approx. 39 to 40 | approx. 0.2 to 0.3 | light, sweet |
| Dubai / OmanGulf region | approx. 31 to 33 | approx. 2 | light to medium, sour |
| KirkukIraq | approx. 33 to 36 | approx. 2 to 2.5 | light, sour |
| Basrah MediumIraq | approx. 29 | approx. 2.9 | medium, sour |
All values are approximate guide values. They vary by production field and delivery. The analysis of the delivered batch is always decisive.
Distillation separates crude oil by boiling point. The tower does this in a single pass and at several heights at the same time.
The crude oil is heated in the furnace and fed into the distillation tower as a mixture of liquid and vapour.
Light components with a low boiling point rise as vapour. Heavy components fall as liquid.
Trays in the tower let the vapour bubble through the liquid. This separates the mixture better. A cut is drawn off at each height.
The cuts in the tower, from top to bottom. A click leads to the matching product group.
Heavy molecules are broken down into lighter ones with heat and a catalyst (FCC). Residues thus yield further fuels.
Sulphur is removed with hydrogen as hydrogen sulphide. This produces cleaner fuel.
Fuel is only part of it. Many everyday things begin as a petrochemical raw material.
Source: U.S. EIA, typical refinery yield. Infographic after FES Tanks.
Not from the column
Additives, lubricants, urea and industrial chemicals come from synthesis and blending, not from distillation. We list them beside the column on purpose. A pure mineral oil trader does not carry them.
Why a trading house rather than buying direct from the plant?
Producers sell in bulk quantities, on long terms and without mixed cargoes. That works as long as a buyer needs only one product in shipload size. As soon as it is several product groups, smaller lots or mixed packaging, work arises that nobody at the plant takes on: consolidation, shipping, documentation.
This is the work of a trading house. What separates it from the chains of intermediaries in this market are capabilities a buyer can check: opening a letter of credit, access to storage capacity and charter, and discussing specifications on their merits instead of forwarding price lists.
For this reason the site gives the value, the test method and the packaging for every item. A seller who shows only a product list usually does not have the goods.
About the companyWe state no figure we cannot substantiate. No founding year without a register entry, no capacity without a terminal, no analysis without a laboratory.
Finished LubricantsEngine, gear, hydraulic and industrial oils and greases to API, ACEA and DIN.
Base OilsGroup I to III, PAO and esters, the base of every blend.5 items
Additives & DI PackagesFinished DI packages, VI improvers, pour point depressants and individual components.10 items
Urea & FertilisersPrilled and granular urea, technical urea, DEF and NPK programmes.11 items
Petroleum & FuelsGasoil, Jet A-1, fuel oil and bunker grades to standard.6 items
BitumenPenetration and performance grades, emulsions and polymer modified types.5 items
Petrochemicals & PolymersMethanol, glycols, aromatics, LPG feedstock and polymers in prime quality.10 items
Industrial ChemicalsBase chemicals, solvents, water treatment and oilfield chemicals.12 itemsAll valuesViscosity, purity, standard and test method for all items in one filterable table.125 values
Process
Product, quantity, delivery term, destination port. We check availability and origin.
Offer without obligation, with specification and typical analysis of the product.
Contract with quantity, quality, Incoterm and payment instrument, usually LC at sight.
Independent inspection of quantity and quality before loading by SGS, Intertek, Bureau Veritas or Cotecna.
Handover to the carrier under the Incoterm, issue of the bill of lading.
B/L, COA, certificate of origin and packing list pass through the bank, the goods through the destination port.
LOI, ICPO and FCO are industry practice and not a statutory standard. Only the contract is binding. The process in detail
We name the standards we supply to and the inspection companies we appoint. Logos of other companies appear only after their written approval.
Give us the product, quantity, delivery term and destination port. We settle everything else by phone.
Sea routes
The map shows the leading ports for crude, products, gas, chemicals and bulk commodities, and the usual sea routes between them through Hormuz, Suez, Gibraltar, Malacca and Panama. From Erbil the cargo reaches the sea by road through Ceyhan or Umm Qasr.
No routes to, from or through countries under comprehensive sanctions: Belarus, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Russia, Syria, Venezuela.
Countries where we trade
Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Djibouti, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Kuwait, Malaysia, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad & Tobago, Türkiye, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States
Drag to turn the globe.
